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Similarly, film that has become dry and fragile due to chemical deterioration, sometimes resulting in physical deformation or loss of original flatness, can recover its lost flexibility and plasticity by means of a specialised softening and rehydration treatment. Thanks to a drying treatment, film bonded together (in whole or only in part), can once again be utilised without the risk of the support or emulsion being damaged when mechanically unwound. This makes it impossible to work directly with the film in its deteriorated state and, therefore, impedes any possibility of a successful restoration project. In fact, the chemical deterioration of film is an increasingly common problem in the sector, a natural and irreversible process, which in the most extreme cases can result in the destruction of nitrate and cellulose triacetate film material.Ī material suffering from chemical deterioration undergoes chemical and physical transformations which significantly reduce functionality and, therefore, the possibility of utilising it. In recent years, L’Immagine Ritrovata has invested in an area dedicated to providing what are commonly known as “chemical treatments” (drying, softening, rehydration), meaning that it is today capable of giving a second life to film which otherwise would have been lost. The guiding principles during the reparation phase are the mechanic functionality and the aesthetic of the film stock: a good intervention is simply the correct compromise between the two. Furthermore, any areas of dirt are manually cleaned. Any physical damage, such as breakages, strains or tears, which may be located at the perforations or on the actual images and may constitute lacunae of varying size and severity, is repaired. During the reparation phase all splices are checked and, if required, redone. The instruments employed are scissors, scalpels, tweezers, swabs, solvents, specialised cinema adhesive tape, glue (our own production, specifically for splicing together nitrate film stock and acetate film stock) and brushes.
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#DIAMANT DIGITAL FILM RESTORATION MANUAL#
The artisan reparation work is carried out by hand, principally on a manual rewinding table. Its aim is to restore the original film’s mechanical capability, allowing for its passage through the machines in the successive phases of the restoration process (printers, scanners, telecine, etc). The manual reparation of the film is the first working phase involved in the restoration of a film.